Col. Richard Johnson, son of
 Thomas Johnson and Ann Meriwether Johnson
By Bonnie Flythe, 
fly1776@rcn.com
March 11, 2005

Richard (Thomas 2, Richard 1)
This Richard Johnson was born in1715 according to his tombstone.  Statements have been made that the month and day were July 7, but I have not verified this. He resided in Hanover County for most of his life & was buried there.  He died on Sept. 29, 1771. Fortunately, the records of Louisa County and a surviving Chancery court case provide a wealth of information about him despite the loss of so many Hanover documents.

It should be noted that at this time period and in this area, there were two couples by the name of Richard and Dorothy Johnson!  The Richard discussed here probably married about 1740, but the surname of his wife is not known.  Documents clearly show that he married a Dorothy at least by 1760.  She was not a Boswell.  This is sometimes reported, but seems to be based on a misreading of Boswell documents. 
The other Richard Johnson was married to Dorothy Powers and had some children recorded by the Rev. Douglas. He eventually moved to Buckingham County where his will survived in the contested election papers.  His relationship, if any, to the son of Thomas Johnson and grandson of the original Col. Richard Johnson is not known. 

Richard first appears in the records in 1752 in Louisa County:
22-Sep-1752 Edward Arnold of St. Martin's Par. Louisa Co., Planter, and Benjamin Arnold of same, Planter, and Anne his wife to Richard Johnson of same, Gent. # 84 curt. money. 200 acres in St. Martin's Par ... beginning at Clark's (now Sarah Johnson and Robert Tenham's ) corner ...Richard Johnson's line... David Johnson line; granted by letters patent at Williamsburg 16 June 1727 to Lancelot Crost, late of Hanover Co.; conveyed to sd. Arnold by Indenture recorded in Hanover Co. Sig. Edward Arnold (EA) and Benjamin Arnold (B). Wit. Thomas Perkins, Michael Wright, David Harris, Pouncey Anderson , Nicholas. Johnson, Christopher Hudson, William Johnson. (Louisa DB: A, Page: 523,)

Although he was purchasing land in Louisa, he does not seem to have lived there for long. With his brother-in-law, John Boswell, he operated a mercantile warehouse in New Castle, Hanover County.  John Boswell had married Ann Johnson, Richard’s sister.  The firm traded in tobacco and family goods, but according to Abraham Kent, one of the employees, there was no store. (Glazebrook, Va. Migrations…..)

In 1758, he received several slaves from his widowed mother.  His brother William seems to have witnessed the instrument: 
26-Apr-1758  Ann Cosby (late Anne Johnson) of Fredericksville Parish, Louisa Co. for natural love and affection to son Richard Johnson of St. Paul Parish Hanover Co. 14 Negroes Stephen, Dick, Toby, Arthur, Moses, Janney, Polley, Bettey, Janey, Margaret, Polley, Sarah, Judy and Milley. Sig. Ann Cosby. Wit. William Johnson, John Freeman, Thomas Perkins (Lo DB-B, 284)

One of the following deeds shows that Richard did live for a while on land that was in both Louisa and Hanover Counties.  His neighbors on this land included David, Richard, James and William Johnson.  At first glance, it might appear that these Johnsons were brothers of this Richard, but the David Johnson mentioned was most likely the son of William Johnson and Sarah Tenham Johnson of Hanover.  This William Johnson was from Scotland.  He and Sarah figure in surviving Louisa Court cases in which their children are identified and Richard is not included.  
24-Jan-1760  Richard Johnson and Dorothy his wife of Hanover to David Johnson of Louisa ?155 currt. money for 720 acres by patent on Maidlins Folly and branches thereof adj. William Johnson, upper fork of Maidlins folly, Robert Dupriests. Sig. Richard Johnson. wit. John Boswell, Richard Anderson, Robert Wilson, Nicholas Johnson, Thomas Johnson, Jr. (Louisa DB: C, 12)
This deed was made out to Richard’s son Thomas who was probably of age in 1760. 
25-Jan-1760  Richard Johnson and Dorothy his wife of Hanover co. to Thomas Johnson Junr. of Louisa co.; #410 curr. money; 400 acres on north side of the Southanna River, part in Louisa and part in Hanover Co., where sd. Richard Johnson formerly lived; bounded by the river and by the lands of David Johnson, Richard Johnson, James Johnson, William Johnson and John Glen. Wit. Nicholas Johnson, David Johnson, Richard Anderson. Sig. Richard Johnson. (Lo DB: C, 11)

In 1765, Richard & Dorothy sold some of their land to Sarah Johnson, daughter of Robert Tenham and widow of William Johnson:
12-Jan-1765 Richard Johnson of Hanover Co. and Doretha his wife to Sarah Johnson of Louisa ?128 for land and plantation of Richard Johnson in St. Martins parish, Louisa County adj. Sarah Johnson and Robert Tenhams corner in Richard Johnson now Thomas Johnson line, along David Johnson's line containing 200 acres granted by patent 16 June 1737 to Lanslott Crost late of Hanover and by Crost sold to Edward Arnold, by Arnold sold to Benjamin Arnold and by sd. Benjamin Arnold to sd. Richard Johnson. Wit. William Johnson, Richard Johnson, Isham Johnson. Sig. Richard Johnson. (Louisa DB: C, 256)

Colonel Richard Johnson’s Louisa County 400 acre property was listed in the tithable lists of Louisa County from 1767 through 1771. He also employed an overseer there named John Fretwell who figured in later documents. Judging by his title in the tithable lists, Richard was apparently following in his family’s tradition of serving as Militia Officers.  

Richard wrote his will on Sept. 25, 1771 and it was probated on March 25, 1772.  The will did not survive the destruction of Hanover County records, but Richard’s tombstone has:

Hanover County, Virginia
Solitude Cemetery

Here lyeth the remains of
Col. Richard Johnson
who was born in the year of our Lord One Thousand
Seven Hundred and Fifteen and departed this life
the 29th of September One Thousand Seven Hundred and
Seventy-one. He was the son of Mr. Thomas Johnson
of King William County and the grandson to Richard Johnson,
Esq. of King William who was a member of his Majesty's
Honourable Council in Virginia

Richard’s wife Dorothy survived him and the year after her husband’s death sold the Louisa plantation to the overseer: 
21 Aug 1772  Dorothy Johnson of St. Paul's Parish, Hanover county, Relict and executrix of Col. Richard Johnson, Dec'd., to John Fretwell of St. Martin's Parish, Louisa Co.; 55 Lbs. current money; parcel of land and plantation of Col. Richard Johnson in St. Martins Parish, Louisa Co. bounded by David Johnson, William Priddy, William Henderson, Thomas Henderson, Dec'd., Col. Dudley Diggs and William Johnson; containing by estimation 200 acres, all houses, orchards, buildings, etc. Wit. John Sanders, John Thomsson, Alex. Henderson.  Signed: Dorothy Johnson.  Rec. 8 Mar 1773 (Louisa DB: D1/2, 454,)

According to the Glazebrooks in Virginia Migrations Hanover County, Volume 1 1725-1850  Wills, Deeds, Depositions, Invoices, Letters and Other Documents of Historical and Genealogical Interest, a court case was filed by the administrators of John Backhouse against the heirs of Colonel Richard Johnson and Col. John Boswell in the early 1800s.  There were many depositions taken and some of these meticulously listed all of Richard’s children and some of his grandchildren.  One deposition given by John B. Johnson, son of Richard Johnson, stated that his mother Dorothea and his brothers Thomas and William were named as executors of the will of Col. Richard Johnson.   He stated that Dorothea died intestate in March of 1781 without writing a will and that William Johnson, her son, of Hanover undertook the administration of the estate.  He also stated that his mother and brothers continued the tobacco & family goods trade that his father had pursued with John Boswell. 

The case was complicated by the inclusion of Col. John Boswell’s heirs and his will is included in this discussion as follows:
April 14, 1788.  Will of John Boswell, Parish of Fredericksville.  
To Boswell Thornton land bot of Ben. Harrison in Orange Co., known as Brick Chimeny, when he comes of age; should he die before to Thomas Boswell and Thomas Johnson, Minor.  I set free a yellow boy James & give him tract of land bot of John Goodman.  
To Wm. Captain land purchased of Thos. Gibbins.  
To my wife Ann Boswell plantation whereon I now live, then to Thomas Boswell & Thomas Johnson, minor.  
To said Thomas Johnson, minor land lent to my wife.  If British debt should be paid, I give to the said Thomas Johnson, minor, the land bot in Orange of Matthew More & pines tract bot if the sheriff & likewise that was Ragland’s bot of Sheriff & to my bro. Thomas Boswell land bot of Wm. & land bot of Elkanah Ray.  
To Melcham, Fanny, Jane & Nancy Boswell, John Brown, my bro. Thos. Boswell & my nephew Thos. Johnson, minor.  
Exors: friends Thomas Boswell, Thomas Johnson, Minor, John Brown & Boswell Thornton. . Wit: Burler Bradburn, Thomas Gentry, John (X) Self.   Signed: John Boswell Rec. June 9, 1783 (Lo WB#3, 206.) 
A Thomas Johnson Minor was appointed an Executor of this will.  It is important, at this point, to distinguish between the various Thomas Johnsons living in Louisa County in the latter 1700s.  John Boswell had at least two nephews named Thomas Johnson.  One was called “Sheriff” and one was called “Minor”.  The 1803 court case and the will of John Boswell together show that Thomas Johnson “Minor” was a son of Col. Richard Johnson & his wife Dorothy of Hanover.  Thomas Johnson “Sheriff” was son of Nicholas Johnson and Elizabeth Hudson. 

As an executor of John Boswell’s will and an heir of Richard Johnson, Thomas Johnson “Minor” was one of the defendants. Another defendant was Dorothy Michie, daughter of 
Thomas Johnson “(mr)”, and her husband Patrick Michie. Chapman Johnson’s deposition stated in reference to the will of John Boswell:
That Thomas Johnson (minor) one of the exors named in the will died in 1795 possessed also of a considerable estate.
That Richard Chapman Johnson was his only acting exor. Who died intestate in December 1802, and that this respondent is a son and devise of Thomas Johnson (minr) and a brother and one of the heirs of Richd C. Johnson.

Chapman Johnson of Albemarle County declared that he was about sixteen years old when his father died in 1795.  He also described the children and grandchildren of Richard Johnson as follows:
William Johnson of Hanover, the exor. John B. Johnson of Hanover, Nicholas Johnson, Nicholas Syes who married Elizabeth Johnson & Elizabeth Johnson, William Cunningham, John Cunningham, John Syme & Nancy his wife formerly Nancy Cunningham, Isaac Butler who married Dorothy Cunningham now dead (these Cunninghams being heirs of Nancy Cunningham formerly Nancy Johnson) and the reprs. of Doctor William Marshyall who married Jane Johnson and whose exor. is now a Mr. Fox of Gloucester.  Thomas Johnson (minor) the father of this respondent was also one of the sons of Richard Johnson.

John B. Johnson deposed that in 1770, he worked as an assistant in the Boswell and Johnson store.  This indicates that John B. Johnson was probably born about 1755.  It is not possible to know how old he was when he became an assistant storekeeper, but it is assumed that he was at least in his mid-teens.  In his 1803 deposition, he:
states that he is one of the sons and Legatees of Richard Johnson late of the Town of New Castle in the County of Hanover deceased, whose Testament and last will among the records of the County court of said County of Hanover he will be ready to produce at the hearing if required.  He had a daughter named Dorothy to whom he advanced in his lifetime, and who having intermarried with Anthony Thornton of the County of Caroline departed this life in the lifetime of the said Richard leaving the said Anthony Thornton & an only child by him named Boswell to which Boswell the said Richard gave a Legacy in and by his said Testament, wherein he the said Richard also provided for his wife Dorothea, afterwards his widow & for his five sons, to wit Richard, Thomas, William, this Defdt., John Boswell and Nicholas Meriwether and three daughters to wit, Anne, Jane and Elizabeth, all of whom survived him.  His son Richard departed this life possessed of a considerable estate as did also his son Thomas and his sons, William, this defdt & Nicholas Meriwether are still alive.  His daughter Anne intermarried with John Cunningham & died under coverture, leaving the said John Cunningham and four children to wit Dorthe who intermarried with Isaac Butler, and died under coverture leaving the said Isaac and an only child named Lucy Anne, both of whom are still alive – William who is made a party to the sd Bill, John who is since dead and Anne Johnson who intermarried with John Syme both of whom are still alive, and for all these her children she provided by an Instrument in the nature of a last Will – Jane another daughter of the said Richard intermarried with Doctor William Marshall, and both of them are dead, without ever having had issue, and Elizabeth another of his daughters intermarried with Nicholas Syme and is now deceased leaving the sd Nicholas and four children by him, to wit John M., Nicholas, Elisa, and Clarissa.

John also stated that his brother Thomas Johnson Minor was made a partner in the business about 1768 or 1769.  This does imply that Thomas Johnson Minor was older than John B. Johnson. 

Children of Col. Richard and Dorothy Johnson

•	1. Thomas, Jr. “Minor” (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1)
Thomas Johnson Minor is thought to be one of the older sons of Col. Richard Johnson since he was appointed one of the executors of his father’s will.   A birth about 1745 would be compatible with what is known about him. He reportedly married Jane Chapman probably about 1770, but this has not been documented here.  A deed does show that his wife was a Jane. They lived in Louisa County and, therefore, there are several records of their activities.  

Fredericksville Parish was in the western part of the county & apparently the couple lived there.  According to existing tithable lists Thomas Johnson Minor appears there in 1771. This is further confirmed by this deed: 
11 Oct. 1773.  Charles Hudson of Albemarle Co. to Thos. Johnson Minor of Louisa Co.; 200 lbs. curr. money; 350-1/2 a. on both sides of Hudson’s Creek in Fredericksville Par. . .Boswells and Watkins corner . . . crossing Hudsons Creek.  Signed: Charles Hudson, Jane Hudson  11 Oct. 1773 ack. (Lo DB D-1/2, 538-539) 
 This tract of land may have been an inheritance from Thomas’ father Richard:
13-Sep-1784  Thomas Johnson and Jane his wife to William Harris #121 10s on south side of South Anna River containing 1033 acres adjoining Harris Line, Mickies corner, road. Wit. John Bourn, James Gains, B. Bradburn Sig. Thomas Johnson Mr. (Lo.DB H, 427).  

Thomas died as a relatively young man in 1795 and his will and appraisal were recorded in Louisa as follows:
30 March 1795.  Will of Thomas Johnson, Minor, Fredericksville Parish, my whole estate to be kept together 3 years for support of my 7 children John Boswell Johnson, Richard Boswell Johnson, Thomas Meriwether Johnson, Chapman Johnson, William Johnson, Jane Johnson & An Johnson. To my dau. Dorothy Michie my mill tract devised me by my uncle John Boswell and also Negroes Milly, Jack, Betsy, bets, Betty, Blackwell and furniture [ will continues]. Rec. 11 Sept. 1795. (Will Book: 3, Page: 605)

 09-Jan-1804 Thomas Johnson 
Appraisal of the estate of Thomas Johnson (minor) taken 21 & 22 Jan. 1796 by Thomas Brackett, William Michie, John R. Ragland, Richard C. Johnson executor. Rec. 9 Jan. 1804. (WB- 5, Page: 135)
The will illustrates the tendency to repeat certain names in the family.

		Children of Thomas Johnson, Minor & Jane Chapman Johnson 

•	1. Dorothy (ca. 1775-   )
Dorothy married Patrick Michie on Jan. 6, 1795 in Louisa County.  She was described as Dorothy Johnson, daughter of Thomas Johnson (Minister)

•	2. John Boswell (ca. 1775-   )
It would appear from Thomas Johnson, Minor’s will that some of his children were underage in 1795 since he requested that his estate be kept together for 3 years to support his children.  John B. Johnson and Richard C. Johnson were probably both of age in 1799. 
 7 Oct. 1799 Grantor: John B. Johnson, Grantee: Richard C. Johnson
John B. Johnson of Louisa power of attorney to Richard C. Johnson of same to sell land coming to me and my brothers Thomas M. Johnson, Chapman Johnson, Wm. Johnson and Richard C. Johnson by my father Thomas M. Johnson Mr. dec'd. purchased of him from John Forsythe in upper end of Louisa known by name of Beaverdam, also tract in Caroline purchased by Thomas Johnson Mr. from Joseph Bunch, also 800 acres in north western side of Ohio devised by said Thomas Johnson Mr. to said John B. Johnson and brothers which title came from Thomas Johnson from James Cultertron and Anthony Muntor 2 March 1785, also 2,137 acres in 1787 in Montgomery Co. on waters of Clinch River as per patent 13 June 1794 granted by Commonwealth of Va. to John Boswell and devised by him to Thomas Boswell and Thomas Johnson (minor) which said Thomas Johnson (Minor) devised to said John B. Johnson and his brothers. Wit. Thomas M. Johnson, Wm. Thompson. Rec. 13 March 1804 (Lo.DB- J, Page: 672)

On December 6, 1796 in Louisa County,  John B. Johnson married a daughter of Edward Thomson named Elizabeth.  She was mentioned in a subsequent deed:
10-Sep-1799  John Boswell Johnson and Elizabeth his wife, Richard Chapman Johnson and Thomas Johnson to James Watson ?1000 253 acres adj. William Morris, sd. James Watson, land of estate of Robert Michie, dec'd. and lot of William Johnson plat filed in suit in chancery amongst records of Louisa it being the same assigned to sd John Boswell Johnson by commissioners appointed in sd. suit. Sig. Jno. B. Johnson, Elizabeth Johnson, Richd. C. Johnson, Thos. M. Johnson. wit. Dr. Watson, Jno. Michie, Robert Michie, Jesse Chewning. (Lo. DB- J, Page: 48)

Grantor: John N. Johnson, Thomas M. Johnson and Polly Green, Grantee: William Morris, Date:______________  
John N. Johnson, Thomas M. Johnson and Polly Green his wife, Chapman Johnson and Mary Ann his wife, Jane Johnson, Patrick Michie and Dorothy his wife late Dorothy Johnson, and Ann Johnson. (John B. and Ann acting by Chapman their agent) by deed 21 Dec. 1810 to William Morris (T.C.) tract on Hudsons Creek in Green Springs being land whereon Richard Johnson died containing 446? acres; whereas Dorothy Michie wife of Patrick Michie cannot travel this is her relinquishment. (Lo.DB-L, Page: 511)
It appears from this that John B. Johnson’s wife Elizabeth was deceased and that he had remarried to an Ann.  He may also have moved away from the county and for that reason appointed his brother as his agent.  The original deed must be examined.  

•	3. Richard Boswell

•	4. Thomas Meriwether
It seems clear from the preceding dower release that Thomas M. Johnson had married a Polly Green, but this record has not been found. 

•	5. Chapman 
Obviously, Chapman’s wife was a Mary Ann, but her surname is not known at this time. 

•	6. William
•	7. Jane
•	8. Ann

•	2. Richard (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1) 
Richard’s birthdate is not known, but according to the chancery depositions, he was deceased by 1803.  This is confirmed by the following inventory:
29-Sep-1803 Richard C. Johnson Inventory of the estate of Richard C. Johnson 29 Sept. 1803 by D. Watson, Eliza. Hutcheson, Charles Quarles. (Lo.WB- 5, Page: 129)
It is not known at this time whether Richard married, but in his deposition his brother stated that he was one of Richard C. Johnson’s heirs.  From this, it seems that there were no children. 

•	3. William (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1) 
William was probably born some time around 1750.  He may have lived in Hanover County and the 1787 Tax Lists for that county do show a William Johnson with 15 black tithes over 16.  He has not been researched further. 

•	4. Nicholas Meriwether (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1)
Like his brother William, Nicholas Johnson is difficult to trace.  The 1787 Personal Property Tax Lists shows a Nicholas Johnson with 1 black tithe in Hanover County and a Nicholas Johnson in King William County with 21 black tithes.  The King William County Nicholas was also listed as responsible for the tithable payments of John Brightwell.  There was also a Nicholas Johnson listed in Louisa County as "Not Tithables"!  This might indicate that he lived in some other county.  An individual could only be required to pay personal property taxes on property in the same county where he lived.  Property in other counties was exempt.

•	5. Elizabeth (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1)
Elizabeth died before 1803 according to the deposition.  It is assumed that she lived in Hanover County and married Nicholas Syme there. The few surviving Hanover records do show members of the Syme (Sim, Sims, Syms) family living there in the late 1700s. Her descendants have not been traced. 
m. Nicholas Syme
	a. John
	b. Nicholas
	c. Elisa
	d. Clarissa

•	6. Nancy/Ann (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1)
Anne was probably born about 1754 and the deposition of William Cunningham provided some details of her life:
Anne, this Defdts. Mother, who intermarried with his father John Cunningham, if he can judge from a marriage settlement between them some time soon after the 15th day of April 1774, and departed this life on the 26th day of May 1788, having first made her will which was probated in Hanover County Court, in the lifetime of the said John Cunningham, leaving issue by him, Lucy Ann now an infant, this Defendant, John who is since Dead and Anna Johnson now the wife of one John Syme, now of the County of Nelson.  The Testament and Last will of this Defdts grand father Richard Johnson, bearing date, on the 25th day of September 1771, was admitted to proof before the worshipful Court of the County of Hanover in Virginia on the 25th day of March 1772… All the transactions mentioned in the Bill happened long before the birth of this Defdt.
                                                    William Cunningham Henrico County to wit
Sworn to before David L. Hylton  26 day of November 1808.

    		m John Cunningham, ca. April 15, 1774
	a. William
	b. John (d. bef. 1808)
	c. Nancy/Anna Johnson
	    m. John Syme
	d. Lucy Ann

•	7. Jane (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1)
Jane died before 1803 with no offspring from her marriage to Dr. William Marshall also deceased by 1803. 

•	8. Dorothy (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1) 
Dorothy was probably born about 1750 and died before her father Col. Richard Johnson wrote his will.  She had married Anthony Thornton of Caroline County.  In his , November 23, 1805 deposition, John Daniel stated that: 
he bought of Lucy Thornton the widow executrix and devises of Boswell Thornton deceased about 420 acres in the County of Orange which he understood and believed to have been part of a Tract of land devised by John Boswell in the Bill named to said Boswell Thornton by the name and Description of the Land which he had bought of Benjamin Harrison called the Brick Chimnies.

    m. Anthony Thornton of Caroline Co.
	a. Boswell ( d. bef. 1805)
	    m. Lucy
•	9. John Boswell (Richard 3,Thomas 2, Richard 1)
This son was probably born about 1755 and was living in 1803.  After that he is not traced. 

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